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Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) is a web service that provides secure, resizable compute capacity in the cloud. It is the most fundamental AWS service. In simple terms, EC2 allows you to rent virtual machines (VMs) in AWS data centers.
An "instance" is simply a virtual server. When you launch an EC2 instance, you are renting a slice of physical server hardware located in an AWS data center.
An AMI is a template that contains the software configuration (operating system, application server, and applications) required to launch your instance. For example, you can choose an AMI that comes pre-installed with Ubuntu Linux 22.04, or an AMI pre-installed with Windows Server 2022.
A Security Group acts as a virtual firewall for your EC2 instances to control incoming and outgoing traffic. By default, when you launch a new EC2 instance, all inbound traffic is blocked. If you are launching a web server, you must explicitly create a Security Group rule that allows inbound HTTP traffic on Port 80, otherwise, no one will be able to access your website.
To securely log into your Linux EC2 instances via SSH, AWS uses public-key cryptography. When you launch an instance, you generate a Key Pair (or use an existing one).
.pem file) to your local machine.You use this .pem file to authenticate instead of a password.
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